Becoming a surgical technologist (often called a surgical tech) is an excellent career path for those interested in healthcare, fast-paced environments, and assisting in life-saving procedures. If you’re asking yourself, “how long does it take to be a surgical tech?”, the answer can vary based on your chosen training path. This guide walks you through every step — from high school to certification — and includes training options, externship details, and information about certification exams like the Certified Surgical Technologist (CST).
Step 1: Graduate from High School or Obtain a GED
Your journey starts with completing high school or earning a GED. Most surgical tech programs require proof of a high school diploma or equivalent for admission.
Recommended High School Courses:
- Biology
- Anatomy and Physiology
- Chemistry
- Health Science
- Algebra
These subjects build a strong foundation for the technical and scientific knowledge required in surgical technology.
Step 2: Research Surgical Tech Programs
After high school, you’ll need to enroll in a formal surgical technology training program. These programs are typically offered by:
- Community colleges
- Vocational schools
- Technical institutes
- Some hospitals
There are three main types of programs:
1. Certificate or Diploma Programs
- Duration: 9–12 months
- Best for: Quick entry into the field
- Includes: Classroom instruction and hands-on lab work
2. Associate Degree in Surgical Technology
- Duration: 18–24 months
- Best for: Those wanting a deeper academic foundation and better job prospects
- Includes: General education, advanced clinical courses, and externship
3. Bachelor’s Degree (Less Common)
- Duration: 4 years
- Best for: Individuals planning to advance into leadership or surgical assisting roles
While a bachelor’s degree is not required to work as a surgical tech, it can open more doors down the line.
Step 3: Apply and Enroll in an Accredited Program
Look for programs accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) or the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES). Accreditation ensures that your education meets industry standards and qualifies you for certification exams later on.
Admissions Requirements May Include:
- High school transcript or GED
- Immunization records
- Background check
- Admission test (e.g., Wonderlic or TEAS)
Step 4: Complete Classroom Instruction and Lab Training
Once enrolled, your coursework will focus on:
- Medical terminology
- Sterilization techniques
- Anatomy and physiology
- Pharmacology
- Surgical procedures
- Patient care and safety
You’ll also spend time in labs using surgical instruments and practicing sterile techniques on simulations.
Step 5: Participate in an Externship or Clinical Rotation
Near the end of your program, you’ll take part in a clinical externship, which places you in a hospital or surgical center under supervision.
What You’ll Do During the Externship:
- Prepare surgical instruments
- Assist in setting up the operating room
- Pass instruments to surgeons during procedures
- Maintain sterile field and surgical environment
- Learn to work in high-stress environments
This hands-on experience is crucial for developing real-world skills and confidence.
Step 6: Graduate and Prepare for Certification
After completing your program, you’re ready to take a professional certification exam. While not always required, certification improves job prospects and may be required by employers or states.
Step 7: Pass the CST Exam (Certified Surgical Technologist)
The Certified Surgical Technologist (CST) credential is issued by the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting (NBSTSA).
CST Exam Overview:
- Eligibility: Graduation from a CAAHEP- or ABHES-accredited program
- Format: 175 questions (150 scored, 25 unscored)
- Topics: Perioperative care, aseptic techniques, surgical procedures, anatomy, pharmacology
Study Tools:
- NBSTSA Study Guide
- Online practice exams
- Flashcards
- Surgical tech textbooks
Upon passing the CST exam, you’ll become a Certified Surgical Technologist — a respected and recognized credential in the healthcare industry.
Also Read: Radiology Tech
Step 8: Get State Licensure (If Required)
Some states require surgical technologists to be licensed or registered. Check your state’s requirements through the Association of Surgical Technologists (AST) or your local health board.
States like Texas, New York, and Virginia, for example, have specific licensing standards.
Step 9: Start Applying for Jobs
Once certified and licensed (if necessary), you’re ready to enter the job market.
Common Work Environments:
- Hospitals
- Outpatient surgical centers
- Physician offices
- Labor and delivery units
Job titles you might encounter include:
- Surgical Technician
- Operating Room Tech
- Scrub Tech
How Long Does It Take to Be a Surgical Tech?
To answer the key question: how long does it take to be a surgical tech?
It typically takes 12 to 24 months to become a surgical tech, depending on whether you choose a certificate/diploma or associate degree route. Adding study time for certification and job searching, the entire process may take up to 2.5 years from start to employment.
FAQs
Is surgical tech school hard?
Surgical tech school can be challenging, especially if you’re new to medical terminology, anatomy, and hands-on procedures. However, most students find it manageable with regular study habits and hands-on practice. Clinical rotations can be intense, but they offer valuable real-world preparation.
How many years does it take to become certified?
Becoming certified typically takes 1 to 2 years after high school. You must first graduate from an accredited program and then pass the CST exam. Associate degrees take longer but may improve job opportunities.
Can I become a surgical tech without going to college?
You can become a surgical tech without attending a traditional four-year college. Many vocational and technical schools offer accredited certificate or diploma programs that don’t require general education courses. However, some form of post-secondary education is still required.
Final Thoughts
Becoming a surgical tech is a relatively quick and affordable way to join the healthcare industry and make a direct impact on patient care. Whether you choose a 12-month certificate or a 2-year degree program, you’ll be entering a field with strong job growth and advancement opportunities. From high school to certification, the journey is straightforward — and well worth the effort if you’re passionate about surgery and patient care.
By following this step-by-step guide, you’ll know exactly what to expect on the road to becoming a surgical technologist.